2920 Melvale Street Property History

fig-1
Some of the original lots from the plan of the Village of Richmond superimposed on the 1919 Sanborn fire insurance map. In December 1843 Eli K. Price combined lots 21 (later 2921 Richmond Street) and 22 (later 2920 Melvale Street) and sold the combined 20-x-200-foot lot to John George Schneider. Courtesy of Pennsylvania State University

Development of Property 1843 – 1854

In late December 1843, Philadelphia lawyer Eli K. Price sold a 20-x-200-foot lot located on the southeast side of Richmond Street—200 feet northeast of William Street (now East Cambria Street), and extending to Larch Street (now Melvale Street)—to Württemberg-born baker John George Schneider on a ground rent of $40 a year. 1 Schneider, who lived farther up the Delaware River in Bridesburg, owned numerous properties in the Richmond area and sold this particular one in less than a year for a $90 profit to Adam B. Wright. 2 It seems probable that Wright, a 40-year-old house carpenter, constructed a three-story brick dwelling on the Richmond Street side of the property before selling it in November 1846 to Gottlieb Schwarz. 3

fig-2
The 1862 Smedley’s Atlas of the City of Philadelphia, likely depicting the two-story frame house Gottlieb Schwarz constructed on Larch Street. Courtesy of the Map Collection, Free Library of Philadelphia

Schwarz (also spelled Schwartz), like Schneider, was a native of Württemberg and a baker. In November 1840, he purchased a house and bakery at the northwest corner of Queen and Vienna Streets (now Delaware Avenue and East Berks Street) in East Kensington.4 Schwarz established a successful business here, but in 1846, he rented it out to fellow German baker Henry Brenner, and moved his wife Margaret and their five children north to the house he had purchased in Port Richmond.5 Schwarz reestablished his business on the Richmond Street property and constructed a bake house behind the dwelling.6 Along with his neighbor Thomas Pilson, Schwarz opened an 8-foot-wide alley running the length of the southwest property line, possibly to provide his horse and wagon access to the bake house.7 Around 1850, Schwarz constructed a two-story frame tenant house on the property, fronting on Larch Street—the last significant alteration to the property during his tenure. For unknown reasons, in May 1851, he sold the property to Augustus Staake for $2,100 and moved his family back to the Queen Street property in East Kensington, where he ran a bakery until shortly before he died in 1867.8

Augustus Julius Staake was a German baker and a native of the duchy of Brunswick, who had recently moved north to Port Richmond from East Kensington with his wife Adeline and their daughters Henrietta and Sarah.9 The Staakes had at least two more children—Martha Emma and Charles Augustus—before they subdivided and sold the property in March 1854. When Staake divided the property, he split it into two equal lots measuring roughly 20-x-100 feet, with one fronting on Richmond Street and the other on Larch. Irish immigrant Anthony Tighe purchased the Larch Street lot on a $30-per-year ground rent, while the Richmond Street lot was sold to baker Thomas Beck for $400.10

The Tighe Family, 1854–1879

When Anthony Tighe purchased the property from Staake, he was a ship or canal boat captain living on Sorrel Street (now East Monmouth Street) with his 35-year-old Irish-born wife, Cecelia, and their four children—Mary, Ann, Anthony, and Cecelia.11 Another daughter, Catharine Tighe, would be born in the mid-1850s.12 Shortly after purchasing the house, the Tighe family moved up the street to their new residence.13 Only a year after Tighe had purchased the house, one of the more dramatic incidents in the property’s history occurred. On the morning of March 24, 1855, a fire began in a stable in the rear of the lot and quickly spread to Thomas Beck’s stable in the adjoining lot. The flames destroyed both stables and Tighe suffered burns to his face when he attempted to save his horse. Unfortunately, his efforts were in vain, and the animal was so badly burned it had to be put down.14

fig-3
The newer three-story brick dwelling at 1616 Melvale Street and the Horan/Tighe tavern at 1404/06 Richmond Street as depicted on the 1875 G.M. Hopkins City Atlas of Philadelphia, Vol. 4.

At the end of March 1861, Cecelia died of tuberculosis at age 41.15 Later that year, Anthony Tighe moved the family back to Sorrel Street, for unknown reasons.16 It is possible that the Tighe family temporarily relocated so that the two-story frame house on Larch Street (which had been renamed Melvale Street in 1858) could be demolished and a new three-story brick dwelling erected.17 While the exact dates of construction for this structure are unknown, it was depicted on an 1875 map of the 25th Ward, making this scenario a distinct possibility.18 The Tighe family returned to the (possibly rebuilt) house on Melvale Street around 1867.19 In addition to the new street name, the house had been assigned a new address, and was now known as 1616 Melvale Street.

By 1870, Anthony Tighe’s eldest daughter, Mary, had married tavern keeper John Horan, and two more of his children—Anthony and Catharine—were living with their sister and her husband above their tavern at 1434 Richmond Street.20 The 60-year-old Tighe may have no longer been able to support all of his children, which may be further hinted at by his taking in boarders at 1616 Melvale. At the time of the 1870 census, 26-year-old Irish immigrant Terrence Quinn was residing in 1616 along with his 23-year-old wife Eliza and infant son John. In both the first and second enumerations conducted for the 1870 census, Tighe and his daughters were enumerated second, possibly indicating that they were residing on the third floor of the dwelling. Anthony’s occupation was given as seaman, while his daughter Cecelia worked as a “tailoress.” Ann does not seem to have been employed outside the household; instead, she kept house as the primary female figure in the family.21

Little is known about life at 1616 Melvale for much of the 1870s, and no residents are listed in the directories, though it may be presumed that Anthony Tighe and at least some of his children continued to reside there during this time. After the death of John Horan at age 38 in July 1872, Mary took over the tavern, which the couple had just recently moved to 1404/06 Richmond Street.22 Anthony Tighe Jr.’s role in the business increased, and his sister left him the tavern in her will when she died in August 1877 at age 37.23 Anthony Tighe Sr., who in 1877 was listed in the city directory for the first time since 1870, continued to reside at 1616 Melvale for another two years, before he and his daughters moved in with Anthony Jr. on Richmond Street.24 Upon Anthony Sr.’s death in October 1886, ownership of 1616 Melvale passed to his children.25

The Burns Grocery, 1879–1888

After the remaining members of the Tighe family moved to 1404/06 Richmond Street, the family rented 1616 Melvale Street to John Burns and his family. Burns was a 39-year-old Irish immigrant who had previously lived up the block at 1630 Melvale Street.26 Though he had previously been employed as a laborer, when he moved to 1616 Melvale, he opened a grocery store at the address.27 Moving into 1616 along with Burns was his 38-year-old Irish-born wife, Sarah Ann, their children—Maggie, John, Thomas, and Sarah—who ranged from an infant to about 11 years old, and an older Irish immigrant named Ellen Lafferty. Lafferty, who may have been in her 50s or 60s, was unmarried and possibly a relative of John or Sarah, though the precise relation (if any) is unknown.28 The family may have hosted boarders as well at various points, including John Jordan, a laborer who may have briefly resided with the Burns.29

fig-4
Properties associated with the Burns family between 1879 and 1888 ad depicted on the 1891 Bromley Atlas of the City of Philadelphia, Vol. 9.

John Burns continued to run the grocery store throughout much of the 1880s, though Lafferty may have taken over management of the store, beginning in 1885 and continuing into 1886.30 At this time, John Burns—or perhaps his son, John Burns Jr.—began working as an expressman for firms in Center City Philadelphia, such as F. W. Sutton and Company and Mattis and Son.31 If it was in fact John Burns Jr. who found work as an expressman, perhaps Lafferty took over the grocery store because John Sr. was caring for Sarah Ann, who died of colon cancer in February 1887.32 Just a little more than two months after Sarah Ann’s death, Ellen Lafferty died of pneumonia.33 Burns returned to running the grocery, but just a year later, he moved his residence and his business across the street to 2921 Melvale Street and soon remarried.34

Caroline Weeks and Family, 1890–1907

In 1890, Caroline Weeks moved from a house at 2918 Melvale Street to 2920 Melvale (which 1616 Melvale had been known as since a street renumbering in 1885). 35 Though Weeks, a widow, had probably lived alone at 2918 Melvale, she was joined by the families of two of her children soon after she moved into 2920. The family of her 35-year-old daughter Caroline—including Caroline’s husband Timothy Buckley and their children Frederick, Timothy, William, and Catherine—moved to 2920 Melvale from a house around the corner on William Street.36 At about the same time, Weeks’ widowed son-in-law, William Schultice, brought his three sons—Jacob, John, and William—with him to the house.37 With the exception of 12-year-old William Buckley’s death in October 1891, the composition of the household remained fairly stable through the mid-1890s.38 Both Timothy Buckley Sr. and William Shultice Sr. were laborers, the former in one of the paper mills of Port Richmond and the latter in a textile mill and then in a gas works.39 By the late 1890s, both of the surviving Buckley sons had gone to work in a paper mill as well, with Frederick working as a laborer and Timothy Jr. finding employment as an engineer.40

fig-5
2920 Melvale Street and other properties associated with the Weeks family as depicted on the 1895 Bromley atlas. Courtesy of the Athenaeum of Philadelphia

Around 1896 or 1897, Timothy Buckley Sr. left the household and his wife for unknown reasons, though it may have been due to his alleged heavy drinking, which it seems Buckley was known for around Port Richmond. He scraped by for a while by doing odd jobs and selling junk, but eventually found himself squatting in a vacant house on the southeast end of Monmouth Street. One night in December 1898, Buckley fell asleep on a mattress he kept on the floor and either dropped his pipe or upset a candle, starting a fire. When the fire was discovered early the next morning, Buckley was pulled from the burning house, and was soon pronounced dead. As there were apparently no burns on his body, there was initially some speculation as to the cause of his demise, though it was eventually concluded that he suffocated in the fire.41

Caroline Weeks also died in 1898, leaving her widowed daughter, Caroline Buckley, as head of the household.42 In about 1902, William Schultice remarried, moved out, and may have informally changed his name to Schultz.43 Despite this, his sons from his first marriage continued to live with their aunt. This combined Buckley-Schultice family continued to reside at 2920 until 1907, when they moved across the street to a house at 2911 Melvale Street.44

Various Tenants, 1910–1922

fig-6
2920 Melvale and other properties associated with the Farlan and Trainor families as depicted on the 1910 Bromley atlas. Courtesy of the Athenaeum of Philadelphia

The tenants of 2920 Melvale—if there were any—between 1907 and 1910 are unknown. In the summer or early autumn of 1910, however, the family of Sarah E. Farlan moved into the house.45 This family was composed of the widowed 72-year-old Sarah; her widowed daughters Sarah Pursel, 49, and Adeline K. Renault, 48; her widowed 20-year-old granddaughter, Rebecca Wark; and Rebecca’s son John.46 The women had been living together for about five years at this point, and had previously resided in the East Kensington neighborhood.47 Adeline and Rebecca may have run a cigar and candy store at 1016 Frankford Avenue between 1908 and 1909 before the family moved north to 2672 Richmond Street, and finally to 2920 Melvale.48 In addition to the five individuals listed above, at least one man, James McVeigh, was boarding with them at 2920 Melvale.49 Another woman, Mamie Rachael, who was seemingly the daughter of Adeline Renault, was enumerated with the family in 1910, but it is not known if she was living with them at 2920. Sarah E. Farlan died in July 1911, but the rest of the family may have resided at 2920 until early 1913.50 By the later part of that year, Adeline was running a boardinghouse around the corner at 2825 East Cambria Street (formerly 2825 William Street), and within another two years, the family moved back to Kensington.51

The family of Sarah Farlan was followed at 2920 Melvale, coincidentally, by the previous tenants of 2825 East Cambria, the Trainor family.52 At the time they moved into the dwelling at 2920 Melvale, the Trainor family was likely comprised of 60-year-old Irish immigrant Peter Trainor, his Scottish-born wife Mary Ann, their 39-year-old son Peter, 30-year-old daughter Elizabeth, and 18-year-old son Charles.53 As of the 1910 census, the two Peters had been employed as laborers doing odd jobs, though both had previously worked on the Philadelphia and Reading Railway’s coal wharves. Charles, on the other hand, was working in a glue factory (perhaps due to his relative youth)—though by 1913, he may have already gained employment at a local paper mill.54 The Trainors likely spent just around a year at the property, during which time Peter Jr. died of tuberculosis.55 The Trainors may have briefly moved into the home of their daughter Mary Killian, at 2910 Bath Street, where Peter Sr. died in September 1914, but Mary Ann, Charles, and presumably Elizabeth soon moved to the home of another daughter, Anna Robinson, at 2949 Melvale Street.56

The residents of 2920 Melvale between 1914 and 1916 are unknown, and little is known about Leo Scharatzki, a laborer who resided at the address from 1916 into 1917.57 In late 1917, Adolph Fabiszh, a 38-year-old Polish immigrant, moved his family into the house.58 Adolph’s 32-year-old wife Walerya was also Polish-born, but their children—Edward, 12; Anna, 10; Genevieve, eight; Emilia, six; and Irene, three—were all born in Pennsylvania.59 Though Fabiszh had once been employed as a bartender, he seems to have had trouble finding work in that profession in the early 1910s, and eventually went to work in one of the Philadelphia shipyards, probably William Cramp and Sons.60 Like the Trainor’s and Scharatzki, the Fabiszh family left after a year at 2920 Melvale, moving to a house Adolph and Walerya purchased at 3161 East Thompson Street.61

fig-7
The brick dwelling at 2920 Melvale Street as depicted on the 1919 Sanborn fire insurance map. Courtesy of Pennsylvania State University

By 1920, two (possibly related) families were residing in 2920 according to the federal census—those of Mary Golacska and Stanley Robrowski. Mary Golacska was a 50-year-old Polish-born widow and lived with her sons Francis, 26, and Anthony, 23, both of whom were also immigrants and worked in a steel plant. Twenty-four-year-old Polish immigrant Stanley Robrowski was employed as a sweeper in a local shipyard (probably William Cramp and Sons), and was the head of a family that included his 21-year-old Polish-born wife Mary, two-year-old son Francis, and infant daughter Mary. In addition to immediate family members, a 24-year-old Polish immigrant named Stanley Kremaki boarded with them and worked as an ashman.62

In November of that year, Ann Tighe died unmarried and without children. Since the death of her brother Anthony Tighe Jr. in 1894, she and her sisters Catharine and Cecelia had each owned a one-third share of the property. Several months after Ann died, Catharine sold her share in the property to Cecelia, leaving her the sole owner of 2920 Melvale.63 One month later, in June 1921, Cecelia Tighe sold 2920 Melvale to William and Edith Vogt, a young couple who had been living in the Frankford neighborhood of Philadelphia.64 After 11 months of ownership, the Vogts in turn sold the property to Wincenty and Johanna Kozielski.65

The Kozielski Family, 1922–1966

Explorations in History
Sinking of the S.S. Léopoldville

On December 24, 1944, the S.S. Léopoldville, a passenger liner converted into an Allied troopship, was transporting 2,235 soldiers of the U.S. 66th Infantry Division from England to France to reinforce Allied troops engaged in the Battle of the Bulge. Among these soldiers was Private First Class Joseph V. Kozielski.

In the rush to get the troops into the field, the transport was chaotically loaded, with two regiments mixed haphazardly throughout the ship. Departing at 9:00 a.m., the Léopoldville sailed with a small convoy in a zig-zag motion to help avoid attacks from German submarines. At about 5:54 p.m. that day, when the convoy was just five and a half miles from shore, the crew sighted a torpedo that had been fired by the German submarine U-486. Though many of the 300 or so men in the compartments the torpedo hit were killed by the explosion or drowned in the aftermath, a majority of the soldiers were able to make it on deck, where they waited in formation. After about half an hour, the order was given to abandon ship. Delays and confusion in communication, along with short-staffing ashore and in the harbor of Cherbourg because of the Christmas holiday, hampered rescue efforts. Though several hundred of the soldiers and crew were rescued by nearby ships, hundreds of others either jumped or were thrown into the water when the Léopoldville began to capsize around 8:30 p.m. Because of a lack of instruction in how to use their life preservers, many soldiers had their necks broken or were weighed down and drowned by their heavy coats and gear. Of those who did not immediately succumb, many froze to death in the frigid water while awaiting rescue. The official count for American soldiers killed was 763, though most of the bodies, including that of Kozielski, were never recovered.66

Wincenty and Johanna Kozielski were Polish immigrants who moved their family to 2920 Melvale shortly after purchasing the house in May 1922.67 The family was comprised of the roughly 40-year-old Wincenty, 34-year-old Johanna, and their children—Catherine, 14, Felix, 11, Walter, 10, Joseph, seven, and Constantine, five. Another son, Casimir, was born in 1924.68 The family may also have had boarders like they did before purchasing 2920, one perhaps being Viola D. Chrostek, who allegedly resided at the address in 1928.69 Wincenty had run a grocery store on Salmon Street in the mid-1910s, and he ran another at 2920 Melvale for a time in the 1920s.70 For unknown reasons, he eventually closed his business and went to work as a blacksmith in a foundry and, later, as a laborer in a lumberyard.71 As the Kozielskis’ sons reached adulthood, they found work in various occupations, working in hospitals, leathermills, and as longshoremen, though by 1940 both Joseph and Constantine were out of work.72 When the United States entered World War II, at least four of the five Kozielski sons—Walter, Joseph, Constantine, and Casimir—joined the service. Four of the brothers returned, with Joseph being killed in action in December 1944.73

In November 1949, Wincenty Kozielski died of lung cancer.74 Johanna lived almost another 13 years before she too died.75 The property then seems to have passed to the surviving Kozielski children, who held it until it was condemned in 1966 after the construction of Interstate 95. 76

References

  1. Philadelphia County Deed Book GWC 106:251 ↩
  2. 1850 U.S. census, Borough of Bridesburg, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania, population schedule, p. 81A (stamped), dwelling 157, family 157, (John) George Schneider; Philadelphia Co. Tax Assessments, Richmond District, 1849:103, John Snyder (John George Schneider) Es., 207, John Geo. Snyder (John George Schneider) E.; Philadelphia Co. Deed Book GWC 13:171; GWC 106:253 ↩
  3. 1850 U.S. census, Richmond District, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania, population schedule, p. 217A (stamped), dwelling 548, family 571, Adam Right (Wright); Philadelphia Co. Deed Book GWC 106:255 ↩
  4. 1850 U.S. census, Richmond Dist., Philadelphia Co., Pa., pop. sch., p. 222B (stamped), dwell. 625, fam. 653, Gutlip Swartz (Gottlieb Schwarz); Philadelphia Co. Deed Book GS 22:174 ↩
  5. A. McElroy, compiler, McElroy’s Philadelphia Directory (Philadelphia: Edward C. and John Biddle), 1842:235, G. Schwartz (Gottlieb Schwarz); 1844:277, G. Schwartz (Gottlieb Schwarz); 1845:316, G. (Gottlieb) Schwarz; 1846:316, G. (Gottlieb) Schwarz; 1847:36, Henry Brenner; 1848:37, Henry Brenner, 313, Got’b. Schwartz (Gottlieb Schwarz); 1850 U.S. census, Richmond Dist., Philadelphia Co., Pa., pop. sch., p. 222B (stamped), dwell. 625, fam. 653, Swartz (Schwarz) family ↩
  6. Philadelphia County Tax Assessments, Richmond District, 1849:102, Gotliep Scwartz (Gottlieb Schwarz) Es ↩
  7. Philadelphia County Deed Book GWC 106:257; “Ranaway,” advertisement, Public Ledger (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania), 14-15 January 1842, p. 3, col. 5, 6 ↩
  8. Philadelphia County Deed Book GWC 106:258; McElroy, Philadelphia Directory, for 1852:390, Gottlieb Schwarz; 1865:600, Gottlieb G. Schwartz (Schwarz); Philadelphia, Pennsylvania City Death Certificates, 1803-1915. G. Swartz Or Sworts (Gottlieb Schwarz), 06 Dec 1867. Available online at familysearch.org, https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/JK3H-DZC, accessed 4 October 2013 ↩
  9. McElroy, Philadelphia Directory, for 1850:394, Augustus Staake; 1851:403, Augustus Staake; 1852:418, Augustus Staake; 1860 U.S. census, 19th Ward, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, population schedule, p. 475 (stamped), p. 5 (penned), dwelling 23, family 28, August (Augustus), Adeline, Henrietta, Sarah, Emma, and Joseph Staake ↩
  10. Philadelphia County Deed Book TH 133:531; TH 145:267 ↩
  11. McElroy, Philadelphia Directory, for 1854:528, Anthony Tigue (Tighe); 1850 U.S. census, Richmond Dist., Philadelphia Co., Pa., pop. sch., p. 218A (stamped), dwell. 559, fam. 583, Anthony, Secelia (Cecelia), Mary, Ann, and Anthony Tagg (Tighe); 1860 U.S. census, 19th Ward, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, population schedule, p. 76 (stamped), p. 76 (penned), dwelling 562, family 605, Anthy., Cecilia (Cecelia), Mary, Anna, Anthy., and Cecilia (Cecelia) Taggart (Tighe) ↩
  12. 1860 U.S. census, 19th Ward, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, population schedule, p. 76 (stamped), p. 76 (penned), dwelling 562, family 605, Catharine Taggart (Tighe).1870 U.S. census, 24th (25th) Ward, Philadelphia, Pa., pop. sch. (1st enum.), ED 81, p. 585B (stamped), p. 14 (penned), dwell. 91, fam. 108, Catherine (Catharine) Tighe; 1880 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, population schedule,  enumeration district (ED) 528, p. 148A (stamped), p. 1 (penned), dwelling 7, family 9, Cathrine Tighge (Catharine Tighe) ↩
  13. McElroy, Philadelphia Directory, for 1855:557, Anthony Tigue (Tighe) ↩
  14. “Fire,” Anthony Tague (Tighe), North American and United States Gazette (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania), 26 March 1855, p. 1, col. 9; “Fire,” Anthony Tayne (Tighe), (Philadelphia) Pennsylvania Inquirer; 26 March 1855, p. 1, col. 6; “Fire,” Anthony Tague (Tighe), Public Ledger, 26 March 1855, p. 2, col. 1 ↩
  15. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania City Death Certificates, 1803-1915. Celianna (Cecelia) Tighe, 31 Mar 1861. Available online at familysearch.org, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JXQP-YVN, accessed 30 April 2015; “Mrs. Cecelia Tighe,” death notice, Public Ledger, 3 April 1861, p. 2, col. 4 ↩
  16. McElroy, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1861:991, Anthony Tighe; 1862:669, Anthony Tighe; 1865:675, Anthony Tigh (Tighe) ↩
  17. Sanborn Map Company, Insurance Maps of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, vol. 9 (New York: Sanborn Map Company, 1919), sheet 814 ↩
  18. C.M. Hopkins, City Atlas of Philadelphia, vol. 4 (Philadelphia: C.M. Hopkins, 1875),  plate A ↩
  19. James Gopsill, compiler, Gopsill’s Philadelphia City Directory (Philadelphia: James Gopsill), 1868:1540, Anthony Tighe ↩
  20. Gopsill, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1869:750, John Horan; 1870:765, John Horan; 1871:734, John Horan; 1870 U.S. census, 24th (25th) Ward, Philadelphia, Pa., pop. sch. (1st enum.), ED 81, p. 585B (stamped), p. 14 (penned), dwell. 91, fam. 108, John Horan, Mary Horan, Anthony Tighe, and Catherine (Catharine) Tighe ↩
  21. 1870 U.S. census, 24th (25th) Ward, Philadelphia, Pa., pop. sch. (1st enum.), ED 81, p. 657A (stamped), p. 155 (penned), dwell. 1191, fam. 1226-27,  Quinn and Fighe (Tighe) families; 1870 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, population schedule (2nd enumeration), enumeration district (ED) 81, p. 468B (stamped), p. 66 (penned), dwelling 1616, Quinn and Tigeen (Tighe) families ↩
  22. Gopsill, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1872:691, John Horan; 1873:671, Mary Horan; 1874:665, Mary Horan; 1875:736, Mary C. Horan; 1876:738, Mary Horan; 1877:711, Mary Horan; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania City Death Certificates, 1803-1915. John Horan, 25 Jul 1872. Available online at familysearch.org, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JDGD-G48, accessed 30 April 2015; “John Horan,” death notice, Public Ledger, 27 July 1872, p. 2, col. 3 ↩
  23. Gopsill, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1875:1493, Anthony Tighe, bartender; 1878:1559, Anthony Tighe, liquors; 1879:1609, Anthony Tighe, liquors; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania City Death Certificates, 1803-1915. Mary J. (C.) Horan, 26 Aug 1877. Available online at familysearch.org, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JXF7-JPB, accessed 30 April 2015; “Mary C. Horan,” death notice, Philadelphia (Pennsylvania) Inquirer, 29 August 1877, p. 5, col. 1; Philadelphia County Will 1877:661 ↩
  24. Gopsill, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1870:1483, Anthony Tague (Tighe); 1877:1446, Anthony Tighe; 1878:1559, Anthony Tighe, laborer; 1879:1609, Anthony Tighe, laborer; 1881:1627, Anthony Tighe and Anthony Tighe Jr.; 1880 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pa., pop. sch., ED 528, p. 148A (stamped), p. 1 (penned), dwell. 7, fam. 9, Tighge (Tighe) family ↩
  25. Philadelphia County Deed Book JMH 951:272; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania City Death Certificates, 1803-1915. Anthony Tighe, 15 Oct 1886. Available online at familysearch.org, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JK7C-YJD, accessed 5 May 2015 ↩
  26. Gopsill, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1879:267, John Burns, laborer; 1880 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, population schedule,  enumeration district (ED) 524, p. 89A (stamped), p. 1 (penned), dwelling 6, family 7, John Burnes (Burns) ↩
  27. Gopsill, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1880:281, John Burns, laborer; 1881:270, John Burns, grocer ↩
  28. 1880 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pa., pop. sch., ED 524, p. 89A (stamped), p. 1 (penned), dwell. 6, fam. 7, John, Sarah (Sarah Ann), Maggie, John, Thomas, and Sarah A. Burnes (Burns), and Ellen Burnes (Lafferty) ↩
  29. Gopsill, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1882:815, John Jordan ↩
  30. Gopsill, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1882:260, John Burns; 1883:265, John Burns; 1884:264, John Burns; James Gopsill’s Sons, compiler, Gopsill’s Philadelphia City Directory (Philadelphia: James Gopsill’s Sons), 1885:286, John Burns; 1886:976, Ellen Lafferty; 1887:1389, Ellen Rafferty (Lafferty) ↩
  31. Gopsill’s Sons, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1886:275, John Burns, express, 1687, F.W. Sutton & Co., express; 1887:273, John Burns, express, 1167, Mattis & Son, express, 1651, F.W. Sutton & Co., express ↩
  32. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania City Death Certificates, 1803-1915. Sarah Ann Burns, 11 Feb 1887. Available online at familysearch.org, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:J69B-BXH, accessed 9 February 2015; “Sarah Ann Burns,” death notice, Philadelphia (Pennsylvania) Record, 13 February 1887, p. 3, col. 4 ↩
  33. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania City Death Certificates, 1803-1915. Ellen Lafferty, 20 Apr 1887. Available online at familysearch.org, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JD1B-TJV, accessed 9 February 2015 ↩
  34. Gopsill’s Sons, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1888:281, John Burns, express & grocer; 1889:288, John Burns, express & grocer; 1890:294, John Burns, grocer; 1900 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, population schedule,  enumeration district (ED) 0590, p. 240A (stamped), p. 2A (penned), dwelling 16, family 23, John, Mary, Hugh F., and Sadie A. (Sarah A.) Burnes (Burns), and David F. Noble ↩
  35. Gopsill’s Sons, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1889:1861, Caroline Weeks; 1890:1920, Caroline Weeks; 1891:1952, Caroline Weeks ↩
  36. Gopsill’s Sons, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1889:277, Timothy Buckley, laborer, h 2847 William; 1893:266, Timothy Buckley, papermkr (sic; papermaker); Philadelphia, Pennsylvania City Death Certificates, 1803-1915. William Buckley, 14 Oct 1891. Available online at familysearch.org, https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/JK78-T6G, accessed 10 November 2014; 1900 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, population schedule,  enumeration district (ED) 0592, p. 278A (stamped), p. 20A (penned), dwelling 341, family 361, Carolina, Timothy, Kate (Catharine), and Frederick Buckley ↩
  37. Gopsill’s Sons, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1890:1644, William Schultheis (Schultice); 1891:1711, William Shultheis (Schultice); Mary Schultice, 26 Apr 1890. Available online at familysearch.org, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JKSQ-WZZ, accessed 28 April 2015; Pennsylvania State Department of Health Death Certificates, 1906-1963. Available online at ancestry.com. William Schultice. Date of Death: 8 October 1932. File Number: 88053; Pennsylvania State Department of Health Death Certificates, 1906-1963. Available online at ancestry.com. Jacob Schultice. Date of Death: 17 July 1947. File Number: 67157; 1900 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pa., pop. sch., ED 0592, p. 278A (stamped), p. 20A (penned), dwell. 341, fam. 361, William, Jacob, John, and William Shultice (Schultice) ↩
  38. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania City Death Certificates, 1803-1915. William Buckley, 14 Oct 1891. Available online at familysearch.org, https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/JK78-T6G, accessed 10 November 2014 ↩
  39. Gopsill’s Sons, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1893:266, Timothy Buckley, papermkr (sic; papermaker); 1894:1822, William Shultice (Schultice); 1899:2085, Wm. Shultice (Schultice); 1900 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pa., pop. sch., ED 0592, p. 278A (stamped), p. 20A (penned), dwell. 341, fam. 361, William Shultice (Schultice) ↩
  40. 1896:267, Fredk. Buckley, laborer, and Timothy Buckley, laborer, h 2920 Melvale; 1897:272, Fredk. Buckley, laborer, 273, Timothy Buckley, engineer; 1907:297, Fredk. Buckley, papermkr, and Timothy Buckley, engineer; 1910 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, population schedule, enumeration district (ED) 0545, p. 137B (stamped), p. 4B (penned), dwelling 41, family 74, Timothy Bukley (Buckley) ↩
  41. “Found Dead in Bed with Mattress Blazing,” Evening Bulletin (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania), 10 December 1898, p. 2; “Burned to Death,” Philadelphia Inquirer, 11 December 1898, p. 3, cols. 6-7; “Dead in a Burning Room,” Philadelphia (Pennsylvania) Record, 11 December 1898, p. 1, col. 6; “Buckley’s Suspicious Death,” Times (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania), 11 December 1898, p. 3, col. 2; “Timothy Buckley’s Death,” North American (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania), 12 December 1898, p. 2, col. 7; “Dead on a Burning Mattress,” Public Ledger, first edition, 12 December 1898, p. 2, col. 3; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania City Death Certificates, 1803-1915. Timothy Buckley, 10 Dec 1898. Available online at familysearch.org, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JF7M-VYV, accessed 10 November 2014 ↩
  42. “Caroline Weeks,” death notice, Philadelphia Inquirer, 5 June 1898, p. 10, col. 7; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania City Death Certificates, 1803-1915. Caroline Weeks, 02 Jun 1898. Available online at familysearch.org, https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/JDGW-QYF, accessed 9 June 2014 ↩
  43. Gopsill’s Sons, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1908:1779, Wm. Shultice (Schultice); Pennsylvania State Department of Health Birth Certificates, 1906-1908. Available online at ancestry.com. James Shultice. Date of Birth: 5 February 1906. File Number: 21924; Pennsylvania State Department of Health Death Certificates, 1906-1963. Available online at ancestry.com. William H. Schultice. Date of Death: 29 February 1928. File Number: 12769; James Henry Schultice. Date of Death: 11 January 1930. File Number: 1809, (gives father’s name as “William Schultz or Schultice”); 1910 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, population schedule, enumeration district (ED) 0562, p. 105B (stamped), p. 3B (penned), dwelling 74, family 64, Schulten (Schultice) family ↩
  44. Gopsill’s Sons, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1907:297, Fredk. Buckley, papermkr, and Timothy Buckley, engineer; C. E. Howe, compiler, Boyd’s Philadelphia City Directory (Philadelphia: C. E. Howe Company), 1908:273, Fredk. Buckley, lab., and Timothy Buckley; 1910 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pa., pop. sch., ED 0545, p. 137B (stamped), p. 4B (penned), dwell. 41, fam. 74, Bukley (Buckley) family ↩
  45. Howe, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1911:602, Sarah E. Farlam (Farlan); 1522, Sarah E. Pursel; 1559, Adeline K. Renault, 1937, Rebecca A. Wark ↩
  46. 1910 U.S. census, 18th Ward, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, population schedule, enumeration district (ED) 0287, p. 233B (stamped), p. 5B (penned), dwelling 82, family 92, Sarah Farland (Farlan), Hugh Dougherty, Sarah Pascal (Pursel), Adalie Reualt (Adeline Renault), Momi Rachall (Mamie Rachael), Rebecca Wark, and John Wark ↩
  47. Gopsill’s Sons, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1907:579, Sarah E. Farlan, 1427, Sarah E. Pursell (Pursel), 1462, Adeline C. (K.) Renault; 1908:1577, Sarah E. Purcell (Pursel), 1617, Adaline (Adeline) Renault; 1909:647, Sarah E. Farlam (Farlan), 1595, Sarah E. Pursel, 1634, Adeline K. Renault; 1910:632, Sarah E. Farlam (Farlan), 1624, Sarah E. Pursel, 1665, Adeline Renault and Rebecca Renault ↩
  48. Howe, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1910:1665, Adeline Renault and Rebecca Renault; “Cigar, Tobacco And Candy Store for sale, cheap. 1016 Frankford ave.,” advertisement, Philadelphia Inquirer, 8 November 1908, sec. 2, p. 3, col. 7; 1910 U.S. census, 18th Ward, Philadelphia, Pa., pop. sch., ED 0287, p. 233B (stamped), p. 5B (penned), dwell. 82, fam. 92 ↩
  49. Howe, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1911:1235, Jas. A. McVeigh ↩
  50. “Sarah E. Farlan,” death notice, Philadelphia Inquirer, 30 July 1911, p. 9, col. 6 ↩
  51. Howe, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1914:1393, Adeline Renault; Pennsylvania State Department of Health Death Certificates, 1906-1963. Available online at ancestry.com. Sarah Pursel. Date of Death: 16 April 1916. File Number: 48908; “Epileptic Seriously Hurt by Fall,” Philadelphia Inquirer, 2 September 1915, p. 16, col. 3 ↩
  52. Howe, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1913:1978, Peter Trainor and Peter Trainor jr.; 1914:1667, Peter Trainor, h 2920 Melvale, and Peter Trainor jr ↩
  53. Pennsylvania State Department of Health Death Certificates, 1906-1963. Available online at ancestry.com. Hugh Trainer. Date of Death: 22 July 1910. File Number: 74412; “Pennsylvania, Philadelphia Marriage Index, 1885–1951,” database, Ancestry.com, (http://www.ancestry.com/search), entry for Anna Trainor, 1910, Marriage License Number 258849; citing “Pennsylvania, Philadelphia marriage license index, 1885-1951,” Clerk of the Orphans’ Court, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 1900 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pa., pop. sch., ED 0592, p. 278B (stamped), p. 20B (penned), dwell. 348, fam. 368, Trainor family; 1910 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pa., pop. sch., ED 0545, p. 137B (stamped), p. 4B (penned), dwell. 37, fam. 69, Trainer (Trainor) family; 1930 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pa., pop. sch., ED 899, p. 29A (stamped), p. 4A (penned), dwell. 66, fam. 71, William and Elizabeth Armstrong ↩
  54. Howe, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1916:1661, Chas. Trainor; 1917:1683, Chas. Trainor; CHARLES TRAINOR WWI DRAFT CARD; 1920 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pa., pop. sch., ED 0760, p. 233A (stamped), p. 6A (penned), dwell. 79, fam. 106, Chas. Trainer (Trainor) ↩
  55. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania City Death Certificates, 1803-1915. Peter Trainor, 17 Dec 1913. Available online at familysearch.org, https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/JK9F-Z57, accessed 20 March 2015 ↩
  56. Howe, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1911:1026, Mary Killian; 1914:1419, Dennis Robinson; 1915:1418, Dennis Robinson, 1463, Jas. F. Savage, 1663, Mary A. Trainor; “John Killian,” death notice, Philadelphia Inquirer, 16 October 1910, p. 14, col. 8; “Mary Savage,” death notice, Philadelphia Inquirer, 15 November 1916, p. 7, col. 4; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania City Death Certificates, 1803-1915. Peter Traivior or Trainor, 25 Sep 1914. Available online at familysearch.org, https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/JF8V-77C, accessed 20 March 2015; 1920 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pa., pop. sch., ED 0760, p. 233A (stamped), p. 6A (penned), dwell. 79, fam. 106, Dennis, Anna, Cecelia, Anna, and Alice Robison (Robinson), Chas. Trainer (Trainor), John Killian, Elizabeth Killian, and Mary Trainer (Trainor) ↩
  57. Howe, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1917:1486, Leo Scharatzki ↩
  58. Howe, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1918:609, Adolph Fabish ↩
  59. 1920 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, population schedule, enumeration district (ED) 0747, p. 207A (stamped), p. 7A (penned), dwelling 125, family 130, Adolph, Valeria (Walerya), Edward, Anna, Genevieve, Emilia, and Irene Fabish (Fabiszh) ↩
  60. Howe, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1912:618, Adolph Fabsh (Fabiszh), bartndr, h 2978 Melvale; 1914:576, Adolph Fabig (Fabiszh), lab., h 3044 Salmon; 1916:578, Adolph Fabish (Fabiszh); “Bartender—Second bartender and good lunch man, speaks German. 2978 Melvale st.,” advertisement, Philadelphia Inquirer, 27 September 1911, p. 15, col. 3; “Bartender or good lunch man _ five years’ experience: speaks German. 3044 Salmon st.,” advertisement, Philadelphia Inquirer, 22 October 1912, p. 13, col. 3; 1920 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pa., pop. sch., ED 0747, p. 207A (stamped), p. 7A (penned), dwell. 125, fam. 130, Adolph Fabish (Fabiszh) ↩
  61. Howe, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1919:439, Adolph Fabius (Fabiszh); Philadelphia County Deed Book JMH 416:399; 1920 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pa., pop. sch., ED 0747, p. 207A (stamped), p. 7A (penned), dwell. 125, fam. 130, Fabish (Fabiszh) family ↩
  62. 1920 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pa., pop. sch., ED 0758, p. 85B (stamped), p. 2B (penned), dwell. 31, fam. 35-36, Mary Golacska, Francis Golacska, Anthoney (Anthony) Golacska, Stanley Robrowski, Mary Robrowski, Francis Robrowski, Mary Robrowski, and Stanley Kremaki ↩
  63. Philadelphia County Deed Book JMH 951:272 ↩
  64. Philadelphia County Deed Book JMH 985:389; 1920 U.S. census, 23rd Ward, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, population schedule, enumeration district (ED) 0647, p. 88B-89A (stamped), p. 10B-11A (penned), dwelling 209, family 217, William, Edith, and Florence Vogt ↩
  65. Philadelphia County Deed Book JMH 1272:400 ↩
  66. http://uboat.net/history/leopoldville.htm; fold3.com, Cables – AGWAR (War Dept) Jan 1-15, 1945 ↩
  67. R. L. Polk, compiler, Polk’s-Boyd’s Philadelphia City Directory (Philadelphia: R.L. Polk and Co.), 1924:728, Vincent Kozielski ↩
  68. Pennsylvania State Department of Health Death Certificates, 1906-1963. Available online at ancestry.com. Stanley Kuzielski (Kozielski). Date of Death: 28 July 1920. File Number: 76466; FINDAGRAVE.COM FOR CONSTANTINE J. KOZIELSKI; FINDAGRAVE.COM FOR FELIX KOZIELSKI; FINDAGRAVE.COM FOR CASIMIR VINCENT KOZIELSKI; 1920 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pa., pop. sch., ED 0753, p. 151A (stamped), p. 5A (penned), dwell. 60, fam. 74, Vincenty (Wincenty), Joanna (Johanna), Katherine (Catherine), Felix, Wladyslaw (Walter), Jozef (Joseph), Kostek (Constantine), and Stanley Kozielski, and Antoni Sieklucki; 1930 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, population schedule, enumeration district (ED) 919, p. 176A (stamped), p. 3A (penned), dwelling 24, family 29, Vincent (Wincenty), Joanna (Johanna), Felix, Walter, Joseph, Constantine, and Kazimier (Casimir) Kozielski; 1940 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, population schedule, enumeration district (ED) 51-738, p. 8790A (stamped), p. 4B (penned), dwelling 2920, family 71, Vuacenti (Wincenty), Juanna (Johanna), Felix, Wladek (Walter), Joseph, Kostek (Constantine), and Kazmiesz (Casimir) Kozielski ↩
  69. “Marriage Licenses Issued,” Philadelphia Inquirer, 26 June 1928, p. 14, col. 2; 1920 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pa., pop. sch., ED 0753, p. 151A (stamped), p. 5A (penned), dwell. 60, fam. 74, Antoni Sieklucki ↩
  70. Howe, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1922:716, Vincent Kozielski; Polk, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1924:728, Vincent Kozielski; 1925:746, Vincent Kozielski ↩
  71. Polk, Philadelphia City Directory, for 1930:783, Vincent Kozielski; 1930 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pa., pop. sch., ED 919, p. 176A (stamped), p. 3A (penned), dwell. 24, fam. 29, Vincent (Wincenty) Kozielski; 1940 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pa., pop. sch., ED 51-738, p. 8790A (stamped), p. 4B (penned), dwell. 2920, fam. 71, Vuacenti (Wincenty) Kozielski ↩
  72. 1940 U.S. census, 25th Ward, Philadelphia, Pa., pop. sch., ED 51-738, p. 8790A (stamped), p. 4B (penned), dwell. 2920, fam. 71, Felix, Wladek (Walter), Joseph, Kostek (Constantine), and Kazmiesz (Casimir) Kozielski ↩
  73. FINDAGRAVE.COM FOR CONSTANTINE J. KOZIELSKI; FINDAGRAVE.COM FOR CASIMIR VINCENT KOZIELSKI; WALTER V. KOZIELSKI ENLISTMENT RECORDS ANCESTRY.COM; “Private First Class Joseph V. Kozielski,” casualty list – killed, Philadelphia Inquirer, final city edition, 27 March 1945, p. 6, col. 4 ↩
  74. Pennsylvania State Department of Health Death Certificates, 1906-1963. Available online at ancestry.com. Vincent (Wincenty) Kozielski. Date of Death: 10 November 1949. File Number: 100656 ↩
  75. Pennsylvania State Department of Health Death Certificates, 1906-1963. Available online at ancestry.com. Johanna Kozielski. Date of Death: 26 August 1962. File Number: 079563-62 ↩
  76. Philadelphia County Deed Book CAD 632:292 ↩